Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems

摘要: In 2015 an intense rainfall event hit the Valleys of Trebbia, Nure, and Aveto watercourses in Northern Apennines. about 6 h a mesoscale convective system deployed stunning amount precipitation 340 mm, with extreme hourly intensity >100 mm/h. It triggered debris flows along slopes stream channels, landslides floods, which caused serious damages. Through optimal combination data radar volumes, this work we present detailed analysis, will serve as basis to create quantitative correlation over elementary hydrological units. We aim at providing objective for future predictions, starting from recognition forcing meteorological events, then arriving prediction triggering phenomena debris-flow type. further provide seven observations/case studies on effects extreme-precipitation events freshwater environments small mountain catchments. Extreme-precipitation are becoming more frequent widespread globally but their ecological still insufficiently understood. general, inland-waters’ ecosystems highly context-dependent, ranging deleterious beneficial. therefore highlight necessity characterize these depth be able include appropriate mitigation measures environmental planning stewardship.