Lytic Enzymes of Trichoderma and Their Role in Plant Defense from Fungal Diseases: A Review

摘要: Lytic enzymes of mycoparasitic fungi the genus Trichoderma, capable suppressing a number fungal phytopathogens that originate in air or soil, are reviewed. The topics analyzed include (1) regulation production chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases, and proteases; (2) molecular catalytic properties purified enzymes; (3) their vitro ability to degrade cell walls inhibit spore germination germ-tube elongation various phytopathogenic fungi. Among results summarized reports cloning expression genes coding for certain lytic Trichoderma spp. These used obtaining plant transgenes with increased resistance diseases transformants produce higher levels one enzyme (a chitinase protease) thereby exhibit more pronounced suppress