Academic culture in Malaysia: sources of satisfaction and frustration

摘要: This paper examines the sources of satisfaction and frustration among Malaysian academics across three types higher education institutions (HEIs)—public research university, public comprehensive university private non-profit university. Based on interview with 67 six HEIs, there is a clear pattern relationship between these were affiliated. The major are related to nature academic work, which includes supervising, mentoring, teaching interacting students, as well conducting disseminating knowledge through publication. However, predominantly governance education, resulting from unrealistic expectations, lack transparency promotion reward system, strong bureaucratic culture. understanding has helped us understand issues morale, retention and, possibly, productivity in turn, about implications governing structure HEIs. Although this study limited only HEIs Malaysia, findings have wider contributing culture broader context education.