Anatomy and physiology of head and neck musculature

摘要: Abstract In summary it should be pointed out that although the skeletal frame-work from which muscles operate determines to a large extent course and direction of these organs, is not safe assume can dismissed our thinking. There has been strong tendency restrict orthodontic considerations morphology bony face view such as static. It never forgotten close relationships between bones have developed by adaptation chief characteristic relationship an equilibrium serves conserve energy. The teeth alveolar processes looked upon passive though responsive victims continuous interplay muscular forces, their positions dictated resultants forces. No wishful thinking about straight profiles or upright incisors, nor most clever appliance manipulation, will serve hold in are contrary dictates environment. hoped future find us more aware significance matters.