Using stand-scale forest models for estimating indicators of sustainable forest management

摘要: Criteria and indicators (C & I) to evaluate the sustainability of forest management have been proposed by Ministerial Conference on Protection Forests in Europe. Although primarily defined at national scale, these C I also implications scales ranging from stands unit. In this paper, we review existing growth ecosystem models point view applicability prediction sustainable management, focusing stand scale management. To do this, first present a conceptual framework for understanding role assessing level context criteria indicators. We classify into those predictable using operating derivable either through scaling up or as solutions multi-objective optimisation problem. We conclude that date, no comprehensive exist could be used predict all simultaneously. The most promising approach seems modular system where different are combined run simultaneously, with shared inputs well mutual links. More modelling efforts needed especially regarding state soil, including carbon, nitrogen water balances physical effects. Models need development their ability deal heterogeneous structures non-woody products such berries, mushrooms cork. outputs developed direction they can interpreted terms recreational biodiversity value forest. Data requirements pronounced same issues gaps model availability. It would important consider amending inventories other similar standard data collection protocols variables required assessment. Importantly, combining variable sources requires advanced parameterisation evaluation methods assessment parameter uncertainty. probabilistic, Bayesian approaches hold lot promise respect. Predictions several systems, systematic analysis e.g. inter-model variability, considered.