Exposure effects of iron oxide nanoparticles and iron salts in blackfish (Capoeta fusca): Acute toxicity, bioaccumulation, depuration, and tissue histopathology

摘要: Abstract We assessed the toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles compared with salts in blackfish (Capoeta fusca). After an acute assessment, we conducted a chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentration Fe3O4 NPs, and (ferric nitrate (Fe(NO3)3), ferric chloride (FeCl3), ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)) measure uptake over period 28 days then subsequent clearance exposed fish that were transferred clean water for days. Fe(NO3)3 was most acutely toxic compound followed by FeCl3, FeSO4, NPs. Exposure NPs induced histopathology anomalies both gills intestine included aneurism, hyperplasia, oedema, fusion lamellae, lamellar synechiae, clear signs necrosis (in gills) increases number goblet cells, blood cell counts, higher numbers lymphocyte intestine). showed level body tissues (p   intestine > liver > kidney. Fe shown be eliminated efficiently from gills, kidney, liver finally intestine. The highest tissue bioconcentration factors (BCF) occurred FeSO4 Fe(NO3)3. thus show differences patterns accumulation, toxicological responses exposures implications different susceptibilities biological effects.