Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

摘要: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major infectious disease killing nearly two million people, mostly in developing countries, every year. The increasing incidence of resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to the most-effective (first-line) anti-TB drugs factor contributing current TB epidemic. Drug-resistant have evolved mainly due incomplete or improper treatment patients. Resistance M. caused by chromosomal mutations genes encoding drug targets. Multidrug-resistant (resistant at least rifampin and isoniazid) (MDR-TB) evolve sequential accumulation target genes. Emergence spreading MDR-TB hampering efforts for control management TB. also threatening World Health Organization's elimination 2050. Proper relies on early recognition such Several diagnostic methods, both phenotypic molecular, been developed recently rapid identification from suspected patients some are suitable resource-poor countries. Once identified, successful requires therapy with several effective which highly toxic, less efficacious expensive. Minimum duration 18-24 months long, making it difficult health care providers ensure adherence treatment. Successful has achieved supervised appropriate institutions equipped facilities culture, susceptibility testing second-line regular monitoring adverse reactions bacteriological clinical improvement.