Debris disks as signposts of terrestrial planet formation

摘要: There exists strong circumstantial evidence from their eccentric orbits that most of the known extra-solar planetary systems are survivors violent dynamical instabilities. Here we explore effect giant planet instabilities on formation and survival terrestrial planets. We numerically simulate evolution around Sun-like stars include three components: (i) an inner disk planetesimals embryos; (ii) planets at Jupiter-Saturn distances; (iii) outer comparable to estimates primitive Kuiper belt. calculate dust production spectral energy distribution each system by assuming planetesimal particle represents ensemble smaller bodies in collisional equilibrium. Our main result is a correlation between parts systems, i.e. presence debris disks. Strong – produce very surviving destroy all rocky material system, including fully-formed if occur late, also icy population. Stable or weakly unstable allow accrete regions significant be produced regions, detectable mid-infrared wavelengths as Stars older than ∼100 Myr with bright cold emission (in particular λ ∼ 70 μm) signpost dynamically calm environments were conducive efficient accretion. Such present ∼16% billion-year old Solar-type stars. simulations yield numerous secondary results: 1) typical eccentricities as-yet undetected ∼0.1 but there novel class whose single undergoes large amplitude oscillations orbital eccentricity inclination; 2) scaling our match observed semimajor axis exoplanets, predict exoplanets same should few times more abundant ∼0.5 AU 1 AU; 3) Solar System appears unusual terms its combination rich low content. This may explained weak, outward-directed instability thought have caused late heavy bombardment.