El estado de necesidad en el arbitraje de inversión: su invocación consuetudinaria y convencional en los arbitrajes Enron, Sempra, CMS, LG&E y Continental ante el Centro Internacional de Arreglo de Diferencias relativas a Inversiones (CIADI)

摘要: The article studies, from the concept of necessity developed by international law, developing debate state economic and way it operates as a circumstance precluding wrongfulness in doctrine Responsibility States for Internationally Wrongful Acts. analyses developments on topic ICSID. study aims to contribute effectiveness circumstances presence State’s financial commitments tries make contribution understanding “necessity”. intents identify legal effects when invoking necessity, such burden proof identification essential interest State that is affected, its calculation damages annulment certain awards misapplication