Optical coherence tomography and the proximal lacrimal drainage system: a major review.

摘要: To provide a major review of the literature on diagnostic and therapeutic implications, techniques, utility anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) for proximal lacrimal drainage system (PLDS). The authors performed PubMed search articles published in English language OCT system. Data captured include evolution, utility, monitoring, outcomes, limitations. Specific emphasis was laid addressing existing lacunae current practice patterns. PLDS parameters that can be studied by punctal shape morphology, external internal punctum diameters, depth area, intra-punctal tear meniscus, reserve, punctum-canalicular junction, canalicular diameter at various depths, depth, cross-sectional volume, fluid meniscus characteristics. Normative data is now available from across globe. Several disorders show characteristic features have adjunctive value diagnosis. Post-operative imaging help monitoring outcomes selected surgical procedures medical therapy. studies raised doubts about previous beliefs vertical height definition stenosis. dacryography (OCTD) 3-dimensional are promising modalities to further explore anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology PLDS. Optical techniques increasingly playing significant role diagnosing managing disorders. Further improvements better resolution, standardized definitions, measurements will expand its clinical usage give impetus minimally invasive surgeries.