Metronidazole: in vitro activity, pharmacology and efficacy in anaerobic bacterial infections.

摘要: Metronidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole that has selective activity against anaerobic microorganisms, including bacteria and protozoa. Intravenous metronidazole recently been approved by the U.S. Food Drug Administration for treatment of serious bacterial infections. It usually bactericidal at low concentrations, its spectrum encompasses almost all some capnophilic organisms. Anaerobic known to be resistant include occasional cocci, nonsporulating gram-positive bacilli propionibacterium. most active antimicrobial agent Bacteroides fragilis, bacteria. Kill-curve studies demonstrate there 2 5 log decrease in number colony forming units B. fragilis Clostridium perfringens within one hour. The only well documented metronidazole-resistant strain isolated from normal flora patient on long-term therapy Crohn's Disease. resistance Trichomonas vaginalis described few strains are able survive increased oxygen tensions. shown efficacious certain protozoal infections trichomonal vaginitis, extraintestinal amebiasis, giardiasis. Clinical have variety infections, non-traumatic brain abscesses, intraabdominal sepsis, pelvic suppuration necrotizing soft tissue There disappointing results pleuropulmonary with superinfections caused aerobic Since lacks any bacteria, it must combined other agents, aminoglycosides, mixed involving