Factors Affecting Stream Nutrient Loads: A Synthesis of Regional SPARROW Model Results for the Continental United States†
作者： Stephen D. Preston , Richard B. Alexander , Gregory E. Schwarz , Charles G. Crawford
DOI: 10.1111/J.1752-1688.2011.00577.X
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摘要: Preston, Stephen D., Richard B. Alexander, Gregory E. Schwarz, and Charles G. Crawford, 2011. Factors Affecting Stream Nutrient Loads: A Synthesis of Regional SPARROW Model Results for the Continental United States. Journal American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(5):891-915. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00577.x Abstract: We compared results 12 recently calibrated regional (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) models covering most continental States to evaluate consistency differences in factors affecting stream nutrient loads. The – 6 total nitrogen phosphorus all provide similar levels prediction accuracy, but those major river basins eastern half country were somewhat more accurate. simulate long-term mean annual loads as a function wide range known sources climatic (precipitation, temperature), landscape (e.g., soils, geology), aquatic fate transport. confirm dominant effects urban agricultural on nationally regionally, reveal considerable spatial variability specific types that control water quality. These include relative importance different (municipal industrial point vs. diffuse runoff) agriculture (crop cultivation animal waste) sources, well atmospheric deposition, mining, background soil phosphorus) nutrients. Overall, we found model consistent set information identifying environmental transport watersheds at subregional scales.
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