The Molecular Cluster Approach to Some Solid-State Problems

摘要: The quantum theory of the solid state is a vast subject which covers manifold phenomena, from optical properties to superconductivity, and magnetism surface properties. It this richness together with its many important practical applications, has made such an active fertile area investigation for over forty years. Unfortunately very diversity results in lack completely coherent presentation set fundamental principles—as perusal standard texts will show. For example, there at present no general way formulate electronic up collection atoms arbitrary spatial positions. If these atoms, on other hand, fall vertices lattice can be repeated periodically through all space, then one may take advantage symmetry theory—the energy band theory—for structure “perfect” crystalline solid. Ideally would like have approach solids special case “imperfect” or amorphous theoretical must considered as outstanding challenges solid-state poses theorist.