Involving the community

摘要: There has been increasing interest in recent years community-based management of natural resources or, where the government is responsible for management, public participation. Community involvement can range from autonomous by community to some form shared responsibility with state agencies. This trend was part stimulated World Conservation Strategy (UNEP/IUCN/WWF, 1980) which, promoting link between conservation and development, represented a major change rigid preservationist attitude many early conservationists (Hanks, 1984). Early protected areas were usually set up agencies intention keeping people out. On land this at least theoretically possible fences barriers; it also move out planned area. However, as population pressure demand increased, philosophy become inappropriate increasingly difficult expensive implement (Hough, 1988; McNeeley Miller, Hence countries there growing emphasis on involving local some, if not all, levels area establishment (IUCN, 1993; Kemf, Wells et al., 1992).