Immunology of xenograft rejection

摘要: I N T R O D U C The term xenograft refers to a transplant of tissue between animals different species. first serious attempts utilize xenografts clinically were reported in the early 1960s [ 1,2] and involved transplantation kidneys from subhuman primates humans. Although some grafts functioned for several months, advent typing techniques success cadaver aUografts led decline interest xenograft. However, recent successes fields heart, liver, kidney allografts have marked increase number transplants performed consequent shortage donor organs. Predictions an increasing organs future has resurgence xenotransplantation. In addition, advances our understanding basic immunologic mechanisms immune response permitted more detailed analysis individual reactions rejection. Contrary expectation that all responses would be stronger than corresponding allografts, it appears aspects reactivity may actually weaker disparate tissues. this paper we shall attempt review both humoral cellular xenografts, as well current approaches laboratories directed toward induction tolerance across species barriers.