Auroral Electrons Trapped and Lost: A Vlasov Simulation Study

摘要: Figure 12: Distribution of ∆V . (a) Plasma potential as a function z for the initial state (green) and mean plasma during 0.1 s starting when respective target voltages were first reached. The left vertical dashed lined is located at = 4.94 × 10m where was 1500V. right 4.99 10m. (b) part below (“+”) above (red “×”) 4.94× across double layer (green “×”), all plotted versus total∆V (c) same quantities in (b), normalised to total 0 1 2 3 4 5 0.5 1.5 2.5