Cooperatives: Hierarchies or Hybrids?

摘要: Recent developments in organization theory about arrangements that are neither markets nor hierarchies provide an opportunity to reconsider the nature of cooperatives and their fundamental characteristics. The concept “hybrids” developed by transaction cost economics encapsulate properties these may be particularly relevant it provides a theoretical framework which embed among other modes governance. This paper goes direction proposes characterisation different regimes cooperatives, establishing typology grounded theory. An important result this approach is challenges standard competition policies towards cooperatives.