What is a Multinational Company? Classifying the Degree of Firm-Level Multinationality

摘要: The degree of firm-level multinationality is a key dimension that spans all theoretical frameworks, levels empirical analysis and domains investigation in international business research. There is, however, no agreed approach to defining or measuring multinationality. This reflected inconsistent approaches sample selection testing, it has curtailed the advancement discipline. We propose instead searching for elusive, all-encompassing definition an MNC, scholars should agree on classification system illustrate advantages this by constructing simple takes into account firm’s breadth depth multinational engagements. our matrix firm classifying novel over 1,000 firms from seven countries, we demonstrate how can guide theory development testing. also provide examples potential future research directions.