Clinical evidence: Stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

摘要: This review is taken from Issue 1 of Clinical Evidence , a new information resource for clinicians published by BMJ Publishing Group. The compendium will be updated and expanded every six months. Future issues cover respiratory stimulants, DNAse, α1 antitrypsin augmentation, vaccination against influenza streptococcus. #### Key messages Definition: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterised airflow obstruction caused chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both Emphysema defined as abnormal permanent enlargement the air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles, accompanied destruction their walls without obvious fibrosis. bronchitis cough, mucus production, both, at least three months two successive years where other …