Technology transfer of energy efficient technologies in industry: a review of trends and policy issues

摘要: Abstract In 1995, industry accounted for 41% of global energy use. Although the efficiency industrial processes has increased greatly during past decades, improvements remain major opportunity to reduce CO 2 emissions. Industrialisation may affect environment adversely, stressing need transfer cleaner technologies developing countries. A review trends, barriers and opportunities technology is presented. Technology a process involving assessment, agreement, implementation, evaluation adaptation, repetition. Institutional policies influence transaction process, as well in particular adaptation repetition stages process. Investments are dominated by private sector. industry, often result investments modern equipment, importance environmentally sound long-term investment policies. The interactive dynamic character stresses innovative flexible approaches, through partnerships between various stakeholders. Adaptation local conditions essential, but practices vary widely. Countries that spend on average more seem be successful transfer, hence depends technological capabilities.