Behavior exceeds physical forcing in the diel horizontal migration of the midwater sound-scattering layer in Hawaiian waters
作者： MA McManus , KJ Benoit-Bird , C Brock Woodson
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07491
关键词:
摘要: The mesopelagic sound-scattering layer around the Hawaiian Islands undergoes diel vertical migrations. This migration also includes a significant horizontal onshore-offshore component. Before this study, mechanisms underlying movement of had not been investigated. We took an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate relationships between and physical oceanographic processes in water col- umn. study area extended west leeward coast Oahu, Hawaii. found that nightly inshore micronekton occurs very predictably each day; onshore brings animals nearshore 20:00 20:13 h offshore commences 03:30 03:45 during months April May. Simultaneous observations flow distribution indicate observed is directly due environment. Rather, can be attributed primarily swimming behavior. behavior may cued by changes sunlight, but cue strongly mediated factor tied lunar phase, potentially moonlight. Horizontal velocities exceeded maximum across-slope 5 6-fold. Thus, typical flows likely represent relatively small additional cost or benefit swimming, depending on direction. suggest energy acquisition via increased prey availability far exceeds high energetic
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