Formulation and characterization of new innovative colloidal systems involving ionic liquids for the application at high temperatures

摘要: The objective of this work was the formulation and characterization three different types colloidal systems based on ionic liquids (ILs). In first part work, aggregation behaviour a homologous series so called surfactant-like (SLILs) 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (CnmimCl), namely 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium (C12mimCl), 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium (C14mimCl) 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium (C16mimCl), in dilute aqueous solution systematically investigated obtained results were compared to literature data well-known 1-alkyl-trimethylammonium surfactant analogues (CnTACl). Since only disparity between these two is head group, one CnTACl being substituted ammonium group with localized positive charge CnmimCl an imidazolium delocalized charge, fundamental understanding peculiarity comparison could be achieved. The second concerned question whether it possible formulate binary consisting micellar aggregates by mixing SLIL acting as room-temperature molten salt (RTMS) solvent. As SLIL, again, C12mimCl, C14mimCl, C16mimCl used RTMS either ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) or 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmimBF4) applied. Beside investigation at ambient/near ambient temperature, further studies SLIL/RTMS-mixtures carried out higher temperatures (up 150°C) order verify high-temperature stability formulated systems. The third final addresses non-aqueous pseudo-ternary microemulsions surfactant, decanol co-surfactant, dodecane apolar phase, (EAN bmimBF4) polar phase. previously for SLIL/RTMS-colloids, reverse SLIL/RTMS-microemulsions ambient/near-ambient temperature also elevated (>130°C). Beside fundamentals aspects, investigations SLIL/RTMS-colloids respect application new templates design nano- nano-structured materials. The experimental techniques thesis IL-based colloids surface tension, conductivity, density, rheology, spectrophotometry (UV & fluorescence), differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering small-angle (x-ray neutron).