Enteric and foodborne disease in children: A review of the influence of food- and environment-related risk factors.

摘要: Canadian statistics show that children from birth to four years of age are more likely be reported with an infection Campylobacter, Giardia, Salmonella and Shigella species, verotoxigenic Escherichia coli than any other group. A review the international literature, analysis case outbreak data suggest risk factors for in young (ages years) different older adults. In age, infant formula, fast foods, snacks candies have caused major outbreaks enteric foodborne diseases; however, contamination a child's environment or presence ill individuals household may highly significant disease expression. Contact animals (including family pets) contaminated surfaces, together experimental touching testing behaviours, important routes infants preschool children. Risk infections appear related, occasionally, specific foods particularly attractive all (all groups up including elementary school-aged childen), infected person pet same household, environment. Nonfood-related particular significance very animals, exotic pets farm their environments should considered potential source situations which there is absence factors. The evidence presented current paper emphasizes importance personal home hygiene practices limiting children's exposure pathogens. Strict hand washing restrictions on birds, reptiles at petting zoos nursery primary school facilities recommended avoid widespread infection. Public health authorities consider development guidelines provision instruction notices settings where public come into contact jurisdictions such do not already exist.