Cascades of bioreactors

摘要: In this thesis a common phenomenon in bioprocess engineering is described : the execution of certain more than one bioreactor. Chapter 1, review, classifies bioprocesses by means number characteristics i) processes with variable stoichiometry , ii) constant using biocatalysts iii) that are autocatalytic . This chapter also offers method to decide which cases it can be worthwhile use The possible advantage gained reduction total residence time needed accomplish degree conversion. shorter time, smaller bioreactor(s) be, and capital investment reduces. minimal attained if bioreactors all have different volume. general volume each bioreactor decreases along series. Moreover, series an increasing used series, although decrease becomes increasingly less. largest occurs two instead single bioreactor, whereas three usually little since extra costs for pumps similar additional parts getting too high. 2 describes optimum design case immobilized, 3 immobilized systems. some rather straightforward assumptions made behaviour growing cells, may not true reality. Chapters 4 5 show dynamic including experimental evaluation such system. As model system Nitrobacter agilis cells were used. These perform conversion nitrite nitrate, importance waste-water treatment, precisely removal ammonia. Hereby ammonia first converted nitrite, nitrate finally nitrogen gas. derived however, has applicability. 6, 7 8 describe stoichiometry. insect produced, infected baculovirus or subsequent bioreactors. then will produce polyhedra, as bioinsecticide. According current knowledge, insects cannot develop resistency against baculoviruses. baculoviruses extremely specific species, useful affected. these chapters shown production continuously operated unlimited caused so-called passage effect viruses cell times, their infectivity reaction stops. predict what should optimal reactor configuration, experimentally must grown feed medium, filled part its contents pumped second infection occurs. During filled, polyhedra. After largely emptied, so virus remains reactor, new added, after proceeds, on. manner process runs prolongate fourfold compared fully continuous process. applications limited. An important cause that, practice, most required sterility easily maintained executed 9 shows solution problem presented Multiple Air-Lift Loopreactor up air-lift loopreactors incorporated into List explained words. A without stirrer consists compartments riser downcomer. Mixing oxygen transfer accomplished sparging air at bottom riser. Autocatalytic :A where biocatalyst itself produced. Baculovirus rod-shaped occuring insects. Biocatalysts Compounds, enzymes, accelerate but do take reaction. Bioprocess Engineering application-oriented science integration biological disciplines engineering. good example virology Immobilized inclusion carrier, retain them Insect Cells (in Spodoptera frugiperda ), capable growth suspension. Polyhedra form occurring nature. To protect virions environmental influences they packed protein matrices, Once arrived gastro-intestinental tract, polyhedra dissolved particles released, infected. Stoichiometry ratio, on molar basis, between substrate offered product formed. Residence average spent