Arterial stiffness in hypertension

摘要: I: Basic concepts of pulsatile arterial hemodynamics Principles and definitions stiffness, wave reflections pulse pressure amplification. Large arteries, microcirculation the mechanism hypertension. Direct measurement local stiffness pressure. Determination systemic regional stiffness. Interrelations structure function large arteries in epidemiology. II: Pathophysiological mechanisms Mechanical stress wall. Pulsatile stress, endothelial function. Endothelial-dependent vascular modulation by perfusion. Central aging: humans to molecules. Elastin, calcium Animal models for studies Renin-angiotensin system, micro-circulation. Arterial distensibility sympathetic nervous system. III: reflections, cardiovascular risk end-organ damage Brachial central risk. artery risk: introduction assessment new strategies. Small elasticity index, Genetic aspects clinical Heart rate, The relation cardiac hypertrophy chronic heart failure. various diseases . end-stage renal disease. changes transplantation.Carotid intima-media thickness IV: Clinical Aging: a physical perspective. Hypertension women: is it different. at different stages hypertensive Diabetes, lipids other factors. V: Therapeutic Antihypertensive drug treatment prevention: an update including 2003-2004 secondary prevention trials. Changing on role blood reduction prevention. measurement, preventing, treating Nitrates De-stiffening strategy using sodium balance blockade rennin-angiotensin Aldosterone antagonists, reflections. Drugs acting collagen cross-linking. Long term effects converting enzyme inhibitors, antagonists beta blocking agents peripheral arteries. Statins Non-pharmacological increased altered length