Replicated divergence in two consumer species affected by resource availability

摘要: Individuals within a single population can vary widely in their phenotype e.g. body shape. These differences are an important source of biodiversity and they precede evolutionary divergence population. In this thesis we use the biological invasion zebra mussels into Swedish lakes to investigate which processes create or maintain phenotypic diversity populations two native fish species perch roach mussel itself. Both fishes have specially adapted shapes that depend on whether feed near-shore open-water habitat lakes. This habitat-specific was more pronounced with mussels, probably because resources both habitats were higher supply due mussels’ effects Divergence between also water clarity, suggesting visual conditions affect resource thus expression When investigating itself found from one lake changed shell shape when exposed different predators: predators induced elongated while crayfish rounder shell. specific serve as alternative predator defenses protecting predation. We conclude availability distinct is populations. Abiotic play previously underappreciated role by promoting impairing affecting divergence. The complements our study demonstrating not only consumer responses but resources’ generate diversity.