Divergence of the diapause transcriptome in apple maggot flies: winter regulation and post-winter transcriptional repression.

摘要: ABSTRACT The duration of dormancy regulates seasonal timing in many organisms and may be modulated by day length temperature. Though photoperiodic modulation has been well studied, temperature received less attention. Here, we leverage genetic variation diapause the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella , to test whether gene expression during winter or following spring warming duration. We used RNAseq compare transcript abundance after simulated between an apple-infesting population a hawthorn-infesting where ends pupal earlier than population. Marked differences transcription two populations suggests that ‘early’ is developmentally advanced compared with ‘late’ hawthorn prior warming, transcripts participating growth developmental processes relatively up-regulated pupae cold period. Thus, regulatory ultimately drive phenological manifest themselves summer. Expression polymorphism analysis identify candidate genes Wnt insulin signaling pathways contribute seasonality. Both remained displayed pattern up- then down-regulation (or vice versa) growth-related consistent transcriptional repression. ability repress stimulated permissive temperatures likely critical avoid mismatched phenology excessive metabolic demand. Compared studies other insects, our results suggest some overlap genes/pathways, though direction changes are species specific.