the birth of the reservation: making the modern individual among the Lakota

摘要: Indian wars, intertribal war parties, buffalo hunts, or sun dances. The United States government had embarked on a policy of civilizingthe Lakota and other western peoples, schools even family gardens appeared the reservation. Although formerly been recognized by in treaties as "nation," no longer made with Indians, internal sovereignty native polities den ied extending federal jurisdiction over crimes country. Political now resided local agent Office Affairs (OIA), whose material sources power included paramilitary police force that he paid commanded, rations dispensed which come to depend for subsistence destruction prereservation mode production. But just how completely politically subdued 1885? In year, agents Great Sioux Reservation lined up their charges take annual census order establish size populations purpose issu ing rations. At Rosebud Agency, OIA office established administer Sicangu (or Brule) Lakota, 1885 takers recorded some remarkable English translations names. Peppered throughout census, between names such "Black Elk," "Walking Bull," "Dull Knife," were "Bad Cunt," "Dirty Prick," "Shit Head" (Rosebud Agency 1885). What happened is not difficult unravel: people filing past enumerator, then getting back line-or lending babies line-to be enumerated second time using fictitious rather imaginative intention was This article traces means Pine Ridge Reservations South Dakota internally pacified, is, penetrated state apparatus form during period from 1880 mid-1930s. focus constructed new kinds bureaucratically knowable recordable individuals, self-interests could predicted manipulated officials. These individuals four administrative processes I call, after Foucault, modes subjection: property ownership, determination "competence," registration "blood" quanta, recording genealogy. [Native Americans, colonialism, pacification, political economy, subjection]