History of Oral Tolerance and Mucosal Immunitya

摘要: Mucosal immunity depends on antigen stimulation in specialized lymphoepithelial structures such as the Peyer's patches. Although these inductive compartments were discovered more than 300 years ago, their functional role has become clear only over last few decades. Research homing of primed lymphoid cells to intestinal mucosa began with animal experimentation 1960s and 1970s recently been brought molecular level. The major effector substance mucosal is secretory IgA (SIgA). first evidence for its local antibody activity was obtained humans 1922, but unique properties not defined until mid-1960s. Several models subsequently proposed selective external transport involving component (SC). In early SC suggested act a transmembrane polymeric Ig receptor common dimeric pentameric IgM; this mechanism now confirmed by detailed studies at level cellular/molecular biology. SIgA antibodies performing immune exclusion are main goal exploitation system oral vaccination, little known about precise mechanisms induction against soluble proteins chemicals. A peripheral immunosuppressive effect immunization substances apparently exploited ancient people, "oral tolerance" since 1910 subjected numerous feeding experiments rodents. basis whole phenomenon appears be intact epithelial barrier. suppression may future modulate autoimmune diseases through gut also prevent development IgE-mediated allergy other untoward reactions way respiratory tract.