Boloria phylogeny (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): tentatively reconstructed on the basis of male and female genitalic morphology

摘要: .  The phylogeny of Boloria s.l. is reconstructed on the basis sixty-three characters from genital morphology both sexes twenty-nine taxa. Three unique and several homoplasious autapomorphies support monophyly Boloria. genus divided into two well-supported clades, one comprising subgenera s.str. Proclossiana subgenus Clossiana. Although Clossiana remains largely uncertain, perhaps due to a rapid recent speciation in some groups, it can be groups. A more subordinate group (the polaris group) appears well supported by highly specialized phallus. Morphological evidence supports clade B.(C.) chariclea Palaearctic North American titania populations. Possibly these taxa form superspecies complex where paraphyletic with regard different populations: molecular studies will needed test this hypothesis.