GREATER TORONTO AREA URBAN HEAT ISLAND: ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE AND EXTREMES
作者： Tanzina Mohsin
DOI:
关键词:
摘要: This study analyzes the trends in temperature, and their extremes, Greater Toronto Area (GTA) context of urban heat island. The annual seasonal temperature changes were investigated GTA over past century a half with special focus on 1970-2000. Mann-Kendall test is used to assess significance Theil-Sen slope estimator identify magnitude. Statistically significant increasing for mean minimum temperatures are observed mainly at suburban stations. sequential any abrupt change time series (31 -161 years), results indicate that trend has started after 1920 downtown, 1960s stations, increased significantly during 1980s all which consistent pace urbanization these periods GTA. island (UHI) quantified characterized by considering three different rural UHI intensity (∆Tu-r) categorized as winter dominating or summer depending choice station. from analysis ∆Tu-r suggest station crucial estimation ∆Tu-r, thus can overestimate underestimate its prediction location topographical characteristics
utoronto.ca参考文章(96)
Inés Camilloni, Vicente Barros, On the Urban Heat Island Effect Dependence on Temperature Trends Climatic Change. ,vol. 37, pp. 665- 681 ,(1997) , 10.1023/A:1005341523032
G.R. McBoyle, A review of urban climatology Waikato Geological Society, The University of Waikato. ,(1968)
William A. Gough, Carrie Lillyman, Jim Karagatzides, Leonard J. S. Tsuji, Determining the validity of using summer monitoring to estimate annual deposition of acidic pollutants in Southern Ontario, Canada Water Air and Soil Pollution. ,vol. 137, pp. 305- 316 ,(2002) , 10.1023/A:1015599302746
Mikdat Kadioğlu, Zekai Şen, Latif Gültekin, Variations and Trends in Turkish Seasonal Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Climatic Change. ,vol. 49, pp. 209- 223 ,(2001) , 10.1023/A:1010637209766
Reinhard Böhm, Urban Bias in Temperature Time Series – a Case Study for the City of Vienna, Austria Climatic Change. ,vol. 38, pp. 113- 128 ,(1998) , 10.1023/A:1005338514333
Ingegärd Eliasson, URBAN-SUBURBAN-RURAL AIR TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES RELATED TO STREET GEOMETRY Physical Geography. ,vol. 15, pp. 1- 22 ,(1994) , 10.1080/02723646.1994.10642501
David Yap, Seasonal excess urban energy and the nocturnal heat island — Toronto Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik und Bioklimatologie Serie B. ,vol. 23, pp. 69- 80 ,(1975) , 10.1007/BF02247308
David Karoly, Myles R Allen, Gabi C Hegrel, Jose Marengo, John F B Mitchell, Francis W Zwiers, Detection of climate change and attribution of causes The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. pp. 696- 738 ,(2001)
Hiroyuki Kusaka, Fujio Kimura, Hiromaru Hirakuchi, Masafumi Mizutori, The effects of land-use alteration on the sea breeze and daytime heat island in the Tokyo metropolitan area Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. ,vol. 78, pp. 405- 420 ,(2000) , 10.2151/JMSJ1965.78.4_405
Karen E. Smoyer-Tomic, Robyn Kuhn, Alana Hudson, Heat Wave Hazards: An Overview of Heat Wave Impacts in Canada Natural Hazards. ,vol. 28, pp. 463- 485 ,(2003) , 10.1023/A:1022946528157