Neurocognitive deficits underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A clustering/subgrouping analysis

摘要: Introduction Neurocognitive deficits are assumed to be underlying the behavioral symptoms of ADHD. Research over years has identified a host these neurocognitive deficits, but no single one deficit appears dominant or pervasive in all ADHD children. This raises query whether there can further subgrouping children at level. Objectives and aims study disentangling heterogeneous To achieve this, we explore if separable subgroups Methods One hundred sixty-four Chinese boys 163 typically developing controls, aged 6 12, were recruited Hong Kong. A battery executive function (EF) measures was administered. Cluster analysis first conducted identify based on their functioning. MANOVA then employed differences between subgroups. Results Two identified. subgroup showed multiple EF including disinhibition, impaired interference control, distorted temporal information processing, slow processing speed, delay aversion. The other subgroup, contrary, had intact increased response variability. Both comparable phenotypic severity comorbidity pattern. However, more responsive medication (i.e., methylphenidate). Conclusion support heterogeneity variability two profiles severity. implication for offers candidate endophenotypes neuroimaging genetic study.