Plant and insect microbial symbionts alter the outcome of plant–herbivore–parasitoid interactions: implications for invaded, agricultural and natural systems

摘要: 1.Understanding how soil microbial communities influence plant interactions with other organisms, and this varies characteristics of the interacting is important for multiple systems. Solanum spp. are a suitable model trophic in studies agricultural natural systems can also provide useful corollaries invaded This study examined mutualist arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on growth different types fed by potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, relation to presence aphid facultative endosymbiont Hamiltonella defensa. 2.Four comprising two wild species, S. berthaultii polyadenum, accessions tuberosum, were grown or without AM infested one four clonal lines single M. euphorbiae genotype (two H. defensa). Two experiments conducted i) characterise responses aphids ii) assess whether could success parasitoid wasp Aphidus ervi when attacking reared each type. 3.In both experiments, similar patterns biomass observed fungal treatments. depended type infection defensa. Plants exposed harbouring defensa had smaller root biomass, therefore total compared plants defensa-free aphids. performance varied line, fungi. 4.Parasitoid success, measured as proportion from which emerged, was highest that colonised fungi, although result line. 5.Synthesis: The combined within-species insect variation key traits, have subtle - but significant effects fitness success. highlights importance exploring genotypic pest microbiota identify biocontrol options. This article protected copyright. All rights reserved.