Microbial degradation of the pesticide lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane)

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses environmental persistence, toxicology, and biochemical molecular aspects of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) biodegradation. Increased indiscriminate use chemical pesticides causes considerable pollution human health problems due to their toxicity, transformation into hazardous metabolites. Halogenated aromatic compounds, particularly chlorinated aromatics, have been utilized in agriculture industry for many years as insecticides, herbicides, solvents, lubricants, plasticizers, insulators. HCH or BHC (benzene hexachloride), is one the most extensively used organochlorine insecticides. Factors that affect degradation compounds include number attached halogens, stability genes encoding detoxification pathway, mass transfer properties contaminant, contaminant degrading organisms soil water. Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) can be bring about rapid pesticide residues by adding large amounts prepared inoculums. The effects GEMs may on ecosystem could also affected mode introduction, spatial temporal distribution, physicochemical biological characteristics environment which they are released.