Application of X-ray fluorescence analytical techniques in phytoremediation and plant biology studies

摘要: Abstract Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that employs the use of higher plants for clean-up contaminated environments. Progress in field however handicapped by limited knowledge biological processes involved plant metal uptake, translocation, tolerance and plant–microbe–soil interactions; therefore a better understanding basic mechanisms plant/microbe/soil/contaminant interactions would allow further optimization phytoremediation technologies. In view needs global environmental protection, it important biology studies analytical procedures elemental determination tissues soil should be fast cheap, with simple sample preparation, adequate accuracy reproducibility. The aim this study was to present main characteristics, preparation protocols applications X-ray fluorescence-based techniques (energy dispersive fluorescence spectrometry—EDXRF, total reflection spectrometry—TXRF micro-proton induced emission—micro-PIXE). Element concentrations leaves from polluted non-polluted sites, as well standard reference materials, were analyzed mentioned techniques, additionally instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). results compared critically evaluated order assess performance capability studies. It EDXRF, which recommended suitable used analyses large number samples, because multi-elemental, requires only material, analytically comparable most frequently chemical techniques. TXRF compatible FAAS but relative AAS fast, sensitive multi-elemental. micro-PIXE technique rather expensive instrumentation, offers multi-elemental on tissue cellular level.