Potential environmental impacts of small-scale renewable energy technologies in East Africa: A systematic review of the evidence

摘要: Abstract This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the potential impacts Small-scale Renewable Energy Technologies (SRETs) in reducing deforestation, forest degradation carbon emissions Eastern African region. A systematic approach was used select, critically analyze synthesize findings various studies The showed that SRETs, if efficiently uninterruptedly used, could significantly reduce household consumptions traditional biomass fossil fuels, hence, can from energy use at levels. FAO charcoal dry wood conversion rate IPCC factor fuelwood weight CO2 equivalent were estimate fuel CO2e savings. Our conservative estimates based on evidence indicated domestic biogas improved cook stoves distributed up now have combined saving 0.307–3.100 million tons 0.562–5.673 per country year. However, when compared annual each country, savings plants cooks-stoves disseminated so far do not appear offset more than 7.2% national demands respective countries. suggests building level positive results for scale lasting impact regional levels requires addressing key policy, technical, financial sectoral integration barriers.