Exploitation of induced 2n-gametes for plant breeding

摘要: Efficient induction of unreduced gamete in different crops and its genetic consequences will open new avenues for plant breeding. Unreduced formation derived via abnormal meiotic cell division is an important approach to polyploidy This process considered the main driving force spontaneous polyploids nature, but potential application these gametes breeding has not been fully exploited. An effective mechanism their artificial needed attain greater variation enable efficient use programs. Different approaches have employed 2n-pollen production including interspecific hybridization, manipulation environmental factors treatment with nitrous oxide, trifluralin, colchicine, oryzalin other chemicals. These chemicals can act as a stimulus produce viable 2n pollen; however, exact mode action, optimum concentration developmental stages are still known. Identification methods inducing 2n-gamete help increase pollen germination sterile hybrids inter-genomic recombination introgression develop polyploid cultivars heterozygosity among populations. Additionally, genomic tools identification isolation genes mechanisms involved increased exploitation species, which