Vocational Versus Academic Debate on Undergraduate Education in Hospitality and Tourism: The Case of Indonesia

摘要: This study seeks to identify similarities and differences between vocational academic-level bachelor programs within Indonesian hospitality tourism education. Both the abilities knowledge profiles of graduates curriculum content are considered. These degrees were developed in 2008 following government recognition as a field study. Formerly these areas only offered at diploma levels with strong emphasis. The findings from archival interview assessments indicate that although subtle exist academic offerings, they largely indistinguishable. A more searching underpinning using distinctive educational philosophy is suggested guide aims objectives different degrees. Such structured approach could serve guideline for selection course teaching learning endeavors.