Diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced hyperthermia

摘要: Purpose The etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of drug-induced hyperthermia (DIH) syndromes are reviewed. Summary DIH a rare often overlooked cause body temperature elevation can be fatal if not recognized promptly managed appropriately. There five major syndromes: (1) neuroleptic malignant syndrome, (2) serotonin (3) anticholinergic poisoning, (4) sympathomimetic (5) hyperthermia. differential diagnosis challenging because symptoms generally nonspecific, ranging from blood pressure changes excessive sweating to altered mental status, muscle rigidity, convulsions, metabolic acidosis. Evidence the professional literature (per MEDLINE search for articles published through November 2011) indicates that few currently available treatment options reduce duration hyperthermia; therefore, prompt identification provoking agent based on patient9s medication history, timing symptom onset is essential determine appropriate mitigate potentially life-threatening sequelae. For all syndromes, includes immediate discontinuation suspected offending agent(s) supportive care (external cooling, volume resuscitation as needed); in some cases, pharmacologic therapy (e.g., benzodiazepine, bromocriptine, dantrolene) may appropriate, with selection specific primarily determined by history syndrome. Conclusion hypermetabolic state caused medications other agents alter neurotransmitter levels. pharmacotherapy appropriate. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:34-42