IGF axis and other factors in HPV-related and HPV-unrelated carcinogenesis (review).

摘要: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis promotes the of cells, tissues and organs. IGF-1 is mainly produced in liver but also secreted from local tissues. In circulation, bound to binding proteins (IGFBPs), when released it activates receptor (IGF-1R). signal further transmitted by intracellular signaling pathways leading gene expression that regulates, among others, cell proliferation survival. This review presents IGF context transformation cancer development. Aspects involving deficiency protection are briefly described. Furthermore, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) interplaying with components cervical development These small dsDNA viruses divided into low-risk high-risk HPVs regard potency their oncogenic actions; they infect epithelial or mucosal cells. Special attention drawn two major HPV oncogenes (E6 E7) initiating maintaining carcinogenesis, which a multistep multifactorial process; therefore, involvement additional factors such as mitochondrial DNA changes, sex hormones, retinoic folic acids discussed. Finally, targets anticancer treatment presented include IGF-1R downregulation, RNA interference anti-HPV therapeutic vaccines. concludes despite an enormous advancement research on HPV-related cancers, more molecular studies clinical trials needed before commercialized therapies widely available for oncology patients.