The Breeding Migrations and Interhabitat Wandering of the Vermilion‐Spotted Newt Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque)

摘要: The breeding migrations and wandering movements of Notophthalmus viridescens were monitored at several ponds in Dryden, Tompkins County, New York. Breeding occurred both the spring (April—May) fall (August—October, November, or December) to all permanent ponds. involved eft migrants adult migrants, their relative numbers varying considerably from pond pond. almost exclusively. Eft maturing juveniles returning water for first time; individuals which had bred before subsequently spent some time, often an entire winter, on land. sex ratio was 42 47% males, that aquatic adults least 55% males; male a greater future life expectancy than do female migrants. Male arrived earlier spring, fall. tended use linear depressions (e.g. streambeds, slope junctions) as migration routes; routes conspicuously altered by seasonal changed vegetation. About 57% N. but only 3% Ambystoma maculatum reached during day; remainder entered night. more strongly correlated with rainfall temperature early late For brief period following arrival wandered back forth between land, especially rainy weather. Fully abandoned temporary after these dried up. In July, August, September left ponds,