Randomly biased investments and the evolution of public goods on interdependent networks

摘要: Abstract Deciding how to allocate resources between interdependent systems is significant optimize efficiency. We study the effects of heterogeneous contribution, induced by such interdependency, on evolution cooperation, through implementing public goods games two-layer networks. The corresponding players different layers try share a fixed amount as initial investment properly. symmetry breaking investments located able either prevent from, or extract them out deadlock. Results show that moderate heterogeneity best favorable for and random allocation bias suppresses cooperators at wide range enhancement effect. Further studies time with strategy configurations non-interdependent along interface also are an indispensable factor in facilitating cooperative behavior. Our main results qualitatively unchanged even diversifying subject uniform distribution. may shed light understanding origin behavior