Fibroblast growth factor receptors: multifactorial-contributors to tumor initiation and progression.

摘要: Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), encoded by four genes (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4) are tightly associated with many biological processes such as organ development, cell proliferation migration. Studies over the past decades have validated pivotal roles FGFRs play in tumorigenesis due to regulation of diverse tumorigenesis-related processes, including survival, proliferation, inflammation, metastasis angiogenesis. Interestingly, FGFR mutations somatic cells leading those germ developmental disorders identical, suggesting that result different diseases their spatio-temporal expression. Thus, discoveries biology may also be applicable cancer. regulate expression and/or activity a myriad molecules (e.g. matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) Snail) linked main signaling pathways (RAS-MAPK, PI3K-AKT, PLC?-PIP2, STAT), well other minor branches. Epigenetic genetic alteration genes, DNA methylation, histone remodeling, microRNA regulation, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), gene missense mutations, amplification, fusion which gain or loss function, been identified types In this review, we focus particular on recent advances relationship between