The Use of Chemoprophylaxis after Floods to Reduce the Occurrence and Impact of Leptospirosis Outbreaks

摘要: Record-breaking and devastating rainfall events have occurred in the past decade. Rain floods are considered main risk factors for leptospirosis several outbreaks been reported following extreme weather events. In such situations, one possible intervention to prevent cases high-risk groups is use of chemoprophylaxis. However, not enough evidence its effect available. The objectives this study were review literature on current practices chemoprophylaxis explore, using a mathematical model, how various scenarios may affect progression outbreak. Twenty-six peer-reviewed publications selected (10 quantitative studies, two systematic reviews 14 articles other types). Oral doxycycline was most used antibiotic leptospirosis. Post-exposure prophylaxis assessed four studies natural disaster. Although effectiveness post-exposure inconsistent, direction association supported protective morbidity mortality. theoretical model showed assumed benefit influenced by time rate administration. Future models should consider heterogeneity affected communities, improved estimates infection disease, as well potential detrimental impacts. Additional research critical provide clear evidence-based recommendations control during an results suggest that some protection reducing number after exposure; however, effective depend variety timing coverage prophylaxis. information summarized can be support decision-making event.