Hidden Vulnerabilities in the Water-Energy-Land-Food (WELF) Nexus

摘要: There is growing concern that traditional assessments focused on water resources alone ignore vulnerabilities related to water’s connections food, energy, and land. The international trade in food includes embedded water, sometimes with unintended consequences. Water problems may appear unexpected forms because of these interdependencies. production energy requires large volumes for cooling turning turbines. shortages disruptions from water-related events can interrupt power supplies significant ramifications the economy society. Failure account consequences land use decisions results a governance gap between sectors. Vulnerabilities occur surprising exaggerated ways (WELF) systems dominate today’s complex resource systems.