Concordance between vocal and genetic diversity in crested gibbons.

摘要: Gibbons or small apes are, next to great apes, our closest living relatives, and form the most diverse group of contemporary hominoids. A characteristic trait gibbons is their species-specific song structure, which, however, exhibits a certain amount inter- intra-individual variation. Although differences in gibbon structure are routinely applied as taxonomic tool identify subspecies species, it remains unclear which degree acoustic phylogenetic correlated. To trace this issue, we comparatively analyse recordings mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence data from 22 populations representing six seven crested species (genus Nomascus). In addition, address whether similarity geographic distribution can support recent hypothesis about biogeographic history gibbons. The analysis 92 duets confirms hypothesised concordance between phylogeny. Based on features male female songs, not only distinguish N. nasutus, concolor four southern (N. leucogenys, siki, annamensis, gabriellae), but also latter by applying more detailed analysis. addition significant correlation genetic similarity, find similar high distance. results show that songs reliable verify relatedness, unravel origins. As vocal production other nonhuman primate appears be evolutionarily based, likely loud calls produced serve characters elucidate relationships.