THE USE OF MORALISTIC STATEMENTS IN SOCIAL MANIPULATION: A REPLY TO ROY A. RAPPAPORT

摘要: . Rappaport's comment includes several errors. First, he conflates manipulation and deceit. Second, confuses the rationalism of evolutionary biological analysis organisms with (or lack thereof) motivational cognitive structures under study. Third, his moralistic judgment my focus on implies that scientists should not only explore but also suppress such unsettling ideas. We will make little progress in understanding morality fostering truly moral behavior if we refuse to acknowledge statements may sometimes, perhaps even often, be used a manipulative way.