Entrepreneurial Failure and South Africa's Performance in the World Trading Environment

摘要: In the past four decades, Sub Sahara Africa has been notable in its relative development-performance failure. There exists a growing literature emphasizing role of entrepreneur as an essential element economic development. We argue that relatively sluggish growth observed South may be attributed, at least part, to entrepreneurial Emerging from Apartheid era with concomitant embargo on trade, actively liberalizing economy, positioning it for integration into world trading system since early 1990s. Following several decades import-substituting efforts, this signals clear shift toward liberalizing, export-promoting development strategy part government. Despite these efforts failed translate great potential actual performance. evaluate flexibility Africa's trade performance three major and, Africa, critical export markets, those United States, Europe and Japan.