作者: Christian Waeber , Katie B Ryan , Rasha A Alshaikh , Rasha A Alshaikh
DOI: 10.1136/BJOPHTHALMOL-2021-319115
关键词:
摘要: Neovascular ocular diseases (such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion) are characterised by common pathological processes that contribute to disease progression. These include angiogenesis, oedema, inflammation, cell death fibrosis. Currently available therapies target the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), main mediator angiogenesis. Unfortunately, VEGF blockers expensive biological therapeutics necessitate frequent intravitreal administration associated with multiple adverse effects. Thus, alternative treatment options fewer side required for management. This review introduces sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) a potential pharmacological neovascular pathologies. S1P is sphingolipid controls cellular growth, differentiation, survival death. actions mediated five G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-5 receptors) which abundantly expressed in all subretinal structures. The action on S1P1 can reduce increase endothelium integrity, photoreceptor apoptosis protect retina against neurodegeneration. Conversely, S1P2 receptor signalling neovascularisation, disrupt junctions, stimulate release, induce degeneration neural retina. aim this thoroughly discuss role its different subtypes fibrosis order determine these S1P-mediated may be targeted therapeutically.