Cold-climate constructed wetlands

摘要: This paper outlines design considerations for constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow treating domestic wastewater in cold climates of northern latitudes. Particular attention is devoted to the use a filter medium high phosphorus adsorption capacity. Experience from two Norwegian multistage systems consisting an aerobic pretreatment step followed by wetland units indicates purification processes are nearly same during winter and summer seasons, quite removal organic matter (COD, BOD), nitrogen.